主备链路秒切方案：静态路由与BFD实战配置指南

🆘为什么静态路由需要BFD？

🚩BFD工作模式

⏩配置BFD会话

# 创建电信BFD会话 bfd quit bfd to_ctbindpeer-ip 120.229.76.1 interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 discriminatorlocal10 discriminator remote 20 min-tx-interval 50 # 发送间隔50ms min-rx-interval 50 # 接收间隔50ms detect-multiplier 3 # 检测倍数3 commit # 创建联通BFD会话 bfd to_cubindpeer-ip 211.136.1.1 interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 discriminatorlocal30 discriminator remote 40 min-tx-interval 50 min-rx-interval 50 detect-multiplier 3 commit

⏩配置主备静态路由

ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 120.229.76.1 default track bfd-session to_ct ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 211.136.1.1 preference 80 track bfd-session to_cu

⏩验证配置

display bfd session all # 查看BFD会话状态 display ip routing-table | include 0.0.0.0 # 查看当前生效默认路由

⏩参数调优建议

⏩防震荡机制

# 华为延迟回切 bfd  delay-up 5 # BFD会话UP后延迟5秒通知路由

⏩多链路负载均衡方案

# 华为ECMP+BFD ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 120.229.76.1 preference 10 track bfd-session to_ct ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 211.136.1.1 preference 10 track bfd-session to_cu

✅静态路由+BFD；

✅主链路down掉后，业务切换至备链路；

✅基于BFD检测规则，路由收敛迅速，只丢失一个包；

R1：interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0ip address 211.136.1.1 255.255.255.252#interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1ip address 120.229.76.1 255.255.255.252##主链路ip route-static 192.168.20.0 255.255.255.0 120.229.76.2 preference 80 track bfd-session to_ct#备链路ip route-static 192.168.20.0 255.255.255.0 211.136.1.2 preference 100R2：interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0ip address 211.136.1.2 255.255.255.252#interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1ip address 120.229.76.2 255.255.255.252##主链路ip route-static 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0 120.229.76.1 preference 80 track bfd-session to_ct#备链路ip route-static 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0 211.136.1.1 preference 100SW1：vlan batch 10#interface Vlanif10ip address 192.168.10.254 255.255.255.0#interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1port link-type accessport default vlan 10#interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2port link-type accessport default vlan 10#ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.10.253#SW2：vlan batch 20#interface Vlanif10ip address 192.168.20.254 255.255.255.0#interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1port link-type accessport default vlan 20#interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2port link-type accessport default vlan 20#ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.20.253#